Heart Attack vs. Cardiac Arrest: What’s the Difference?

Knowing the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest could save a life – possibly even your own. Although both involve the heart and are serious medical emergencies, they are distinct conditions requiring different responses.

Understanding a Heart Attack

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, often by a blood clot. This blockage starves the heart muscle of oxygen, leading to damage. Think of it like a plumbing issue where a pipe is clogged.

Heart Attack Symptoms:

Symptoms can vary, but common ones include:

• Chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain radiating to the arm, back, neck, or jaw.
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea or vomiting
• Lightheadedness or dizziness
• Cold sweats

Understanding Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac arrest is an electrical malfunction in the heart that causes it to suddenly stop beating. This abrupt halt disrupts blood flow to the brain, lungs, and other organs. Think of it like a sudden power outage.

Cardiac Arrest Symptoms:

Cardiac arrest often occurs suddenly and without warning. Signs include:

• Sudden loss of consciousness/collapsing
• No pulse
• No breathing

What to Do in an Emergency

In either situation, immediate action is crucial.

If you suspect a heart attack: Call emergency services immediately. Chew and swallow an aspirin if you are not allergic and your doctor has previously recommended doing so during a suspected heart attack.

If you witness someone experiencing cardiac arrest: Call emergency services immediately. Begin CPR if you are trained. If an AED (automated external defibrillator) is available, use it as soon as possible.